Blood is a red, opaque intercellular saline and alkaline fluid. Blood is red in color due to the presence of iron-containing protein called hemoglobin in red blood cells. An adult healthy person has about 5-6 liters of blood in his body. Which is 8 percent of human body weight. It is very important to know the blood group of every person. If you know your blood type, it may be possible to save a dying person with blood. Others may come forward in your need. Various accidents in our life may require blood transfusion from one body to another. For example, excessive bleeding in accidents, childbirth, gynecological diseases like leukemia, cancer, surgery requires a lot of blood. A person can easily donate blood if the blood group is known. A healthy adult can donate blood every four months. It does not harm the body. However, blood cannot be taken without knowing the blood group or blood test. No infectious patient's blood can be taken. Such as AIDS, Syphilis, Tuberculosis, Hepatitis B, C, Malaria etc. But remember that no blood can be given or taken without a doctor's advice. Blood antigens in human body are named as A and B. Blood of the entire human race is divided into four types based on the presence of blood antigens in the red blood cells. These are A, B, AB and O. This is called ABO grouping.
The components of blood are two types of blood fluid and blood cells. There are three types of blood cells red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets. Antigens are outside the plasma membrane of red blood cells and antibodies are in the plasma. If a person has this antigen in his red blood cells, then his blood group will be A. If he has B antigen, his blood type will be B. If both AB antigens are together then his blood group will be AB and if neither AB is present then his blood group will be O. These antigens are inherited from parents by children. Depending on this blood group, who can give or receive blood depends on who. Another very important category or group of blood is Rh factor which is also very important to know. If possible, the RH factor of husband and wife must be tested before having a child. Not knowing the RH factor can cause major problems during pregnancy. In 1940, two scientists named Karl Landsteiner and Wiener first discovered a type of antigen in the red blood cells of monkeys called Rhesus. This antigen is called Racer's factor or Rh factor after the name of this rhesus monkey. Blood is of two types based on the presence of this factor. Rh positive or Rh+ and Rh negative or RhÑ. Those who have Rh antigen in their blood group are positive and those without Rh antigen are called Rh negative group.
Caution: If a Kano negative group positive blood is given to the recipient, a limited reaction may occur the first time. However, the patient's body produces antibodies against the Rh positive antigen. As a result, if the patient takes positive group blood again, his blood cells will break. This can cause chills, fever or kidney failure. Serious physical problems may occur. It can even lead to death.
Ideal blood group of husband and wife: If the blood group of the husband is positive, then there is no problem if the wife is also positive. If the husband's blood group is negative, then the wife's blood group is either positive or negative. But it is better if the husband of a negative wife is always negative. But if the negative wife's husband's group is positive, then it is important to know the blood group of the child before or immediately after the birth of the first child. Because if the child is of the positive group, he may need to be given special treatment as advised by the doctor. And mother also has to give anti-D antibody injection. If there is any blood problem between husband and wife, please consult a doctor and take necessary measures. So know the blood group and give your unborn child a fair and beautiful golden day.
Md. Zahirul Alam Shaheen
Teacher and health columnist
Fulsaind Bilateral High School and College.
Golapganj, Sylhet
